Hat Creek Radio Observatory

SRI operates this facility to collect and study data gathered from near-earth orbits and the far reaches of the universe.

Allen Telescope Array at the Observatory

The Hat Creek Radio Observatory has a rich history of important scientific discoveries about space. Built more than 50 years ago by the University of California, Berkeley and managed by SRI since 2012, the facility is located in a remote area about 300 miles northeast of San Francisco, California. The surrounding volcanic mountains block interferences such as television, radio, and distant cellular phone transmissions.

SRI manages and uses the facility to support a variety of projects of interest to the scientific community in radio astronomy and space science.

The observatory includes the Allen Telescope Array (ATA), a unique, flexible research instrument designed as a Large Number of Small Dishes (LNSD) array. The array includes a 42-dish radio telescope that can operate in multiple frequency bands while its digital hardware runs scientific experiments, such as creating panchromatic, wide-angle images of the sky. The dishes can also be operated independently to look in different areas of the sky simultaneously. 

Completed in 2007, the ATA was built by the SETI Institute and the University of California, with major funding from the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation. The SETI Institute conducts its own research programs using the array.

Visit the Observatory website for additional information.

ATA Specifications

Location

Latitude: 40.817°N
Longitude: 121.470°W
Altitude: 1008 m

Number of elements 42 antennas with cryogenic feeds
Size Element diameter: 6.1 m
Array maximum baseline: 300 m
Frequency coverage 0.5-11.2 GHz (future plans to extend into Ku-band)
Field of view Resolution: 3.5/fGHz
  • @ L-band (1.5 GHz) 2.3° - 170”
  • @ S-band (3 GHz) 1.2° - 83”
  • @ C-band (6 GHz) 0.58° - 42”
Pointing limits

17° to 87° elevation, full 360° azimuth
Tracking speed: 2°/sec

Primary modes

Correlator (x2): Produces intensity images

  • Bandwidth Modes: 104, 52, 26, 13, 6, 3 MHz
  • Spectral resolution: BW/1024

Beamformer (x3): Produces 2 waveforms

  • Sampling: 104.8576 MHz complex
  • Internal spectrometer: 6.5 kHz.
  • Beam to disk output: 51.2 k frames/sec reconstituted as time domain

Direct to disk (x1): Produces 68 waveforms

  • Bandwidth: up to 12 MHz
  • 51.2 k frames/sec, complex, variable bandwidth (user-specified)
  • Software provides data as complex time domain samples
  • Data are time stamped and synced to 1pps
Control

Remote monitoring and operations of array via 10 Gbps Internet

  • Operations are typically controlled by Linux command line utilities
  • GUI interfaces are available and can be customized to meet project needs
Equipment Specially designed antenna feeds allow for low noise (~70 K) across a very large frequency span. Four dual-polarity tunings allows for simultaneous, independent observations.
Design The amplified signal, containing the entire received bandwidth, is brought from each antenna to the processing room on optical fiber cables before being digitized and processed. This design allows for easy upgrades in the processing room as technology progresses, while keeping the same antennas and feeds.

 

News + Events

Allen Telescope Array close-up

SRI is the new manager of the Hat Creek Radio Observatory (HCRO) facility in Northern California, home of the Allen Telescope Array.