Recent scientific advances have provided substantial information on the brain circuits and pathways relevant to various aspects of dependence.
In Vivo Investigation of Cardiac Metabolism in the Rat Using MRS of Hyperpolarized [1-C-13] and [2-C-13]Pyruvate
This work investigates changes in the metabolic fate of acetyl-CoA in response to metabolic interventions of DCA-induced increased PDC flux in the fed and fasted state, and increased cardiac workload with dobutamine in vivo in rat heart at two different pyruvate doses.
Diffustion Tensor Imaging Detects Callosal Fiber Integrity Change over a 1-Year Follow-up in Chronic Alcoholics Who Maintained Sobriety
Here, we investigated change in CC microstructural fiber integrity over one year in 12 (7w, 5m) alcoholics (ALC) and 13 (7w, 6m) age-matched controls (CTL). ALC and CTL did not differ in years of education (mean=15 years for both groups) or verbal IQ (CTL=107, ALC=104).
A Selective Insular Perfusion Deficit Contributes to Compromised Salience Network Connectivity in Recovering Alcoholic Men
We propose that attenuated insular CBF is a mechanism underlying compromised connectivity among salience network nodes. This local perfusion deficit in alcoholics has the potential to impair ability to switch from cognitive states of interoceptive cravings to cognitive control for curbing internal urges.
Fiber Tract-Driven Topographical Mapping (FTTM) Reveals Microstructural Relevance for Interhemispheric Visuomotor Function in the Aging Brain
We present a novel approach – DTI-based fiber tract-driven topographical mapping – to map and measure the influence of age on the integrity of interhemispheric fibers and challenge their selective functions with measures of interhemispheric integration of lateralized information.
Decision-Making and Brain Structural Substrates in Alcoholism, Hiv Infection, and Their Comorbidity
Differential Improvement in Neurocognition with Greater Antiretroviral Cns Penetration Effectiveness in Alcoholism-HIV Infection Comorbidity
In Vivo Measurement of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Activity in Rat Liver Ethanol Model Using Dynamic MRSI of Hyperpolarized [1-(13) C] Pyruvate
In this work, we show that dynamic MRSI of hyperpolarized pyruvate and its conversion to [1-13C]lactate can provide an indirect in vivo measurement of ALDH2 activity via the concentration of NADH.