Whether aging with HIV accelerates age-related liability for postural instability and what sensory factors contribute to imbalance were examined in 227 PWH and 137 people living without HIV (PWoH), age 25 to 75 years.
Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence: Focus on Motivational Mechanisms
Recent research focusing on brain arousal, reward, and stress systems is accelerating our understanding of the components of alcohol dependence and contributing to the development of new treatment strategies.
Cognitive Demands During Quiet Standing Elicit Truncal Tremor in Two Frequency Bands: Differential Relations to Tissue Integrity of Corticospinal Tracts and Cortical Targets
Given the complexity of sensorimotor integration invoked to maintain upright posture, the integrity of supratentorial brain structures may also contribute to quiet standing and consequently be vulnerable to interference from cognitive challenges.
Dynamic Responses of Selective Brain White Matter Fiber Tracts to Binge Alcohol and Recovery in the Rat
To determine the dynamics of white matter vulnerability to excessive alcohol consumption, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used in an animal model of alcohol exposure.
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping by Inversion of a Perturbation Field Model: Correlation with Brain Iron in Normal Aging
We present a method for quantifying susceptibility by inversion of a perturbation model, or “QSIP.” The perturbation model relates phase to susceptibility using a kernel calculated in the spatial domain, in contrast to previous Fourier-based techniques.
Compromised Frontocerebellar Circuitry Contributes to Nonplanning Impulsivity in Recovering Alcoholics
We tested the hypothesis that alcoholic patients would demonstrate compromised dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) -cerebellar functional connectivity when adjusting their strategies to accommodate uncertain conditions and would recruit compensatory brain regions to overcome ineffective response patterns.
Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity Change Is Linked to Callosal Fiber Integrity Change over a 1-Year Follow-up in Chronic Alcoholics
We tested whether microstructural fiber changes relate to resting-state functional connectivity changes in alcoholics who have maintained sobriety during a one-year interval, and whether these changes are beyond those potentially exhibited by controls.
Imaging Neuroinflammation? A Perspective from MR Spectroscopy
The present MRS study was conducted in four groups: alcohol dependent, HIV-infected, alcohol dependent + HIV infected and healthy control individuals to determine whether metabolites would change in a pattern reflecting neuroinflammation.
In Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging Evidence for Reversible White Matter Microstructural Integrity Disruption: Effects of Abstinence in Rat and Man
SRI Authors: Natalie Zahr, Adolf Pfefferbaum